Geography · 2014 · November · Paper 2 · HL · Question paper

8814-5202 14 pages N14/3/GEOGR/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/Q Tuesday 18 November 2014 (morning) GEOGRAPHY HIGHER LEVEL PAPER 2 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES  Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.  Answer three questions. Each question is worth [20 marks].  Each question must be selected from a different optional theme, A – G.  Do not answer two questions on the same optional theme.  Use case studies, examples, maps and/or diagrams where relevant.  A copy of the Geography Paper 2 Resources Booklet is required for this paper.  The maximum mark for this examination paper is [60 marks]. Option Questions Option A — Freshwater – issues and conflicts 1 – 2 Option B — Oceans and their coastal margins 3 – 4 Option C — Extreme environments 5 – 6 Option D — Hazards and disasters – risk assessment and response 7 – 8 Option E — Leisure, sport and tourism 9 – 10 Option F — The geography of food and health 11 – 12 Option G — Urban environments 13 – 14 2 hours © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 88145202 8814-5202 – 2 – N14/3/GEOGR/HP2/ENG/TZ0/XX/Q Answer three questions. Each question must be selected from a different optional theme. (Do not answer two questions on the same optional theme.) Wherever possible, answers should include case studies and examples, and where relevant, large, well drawn maps and diagrams. Option A — Freshwater – issues and conflicts 1. The diagram shows the three main sources of freshwater on Earth. B Groundwater A Glaciers and ice caps 68.6 % C Surface and atmospheric water [Source: Water in Crisis to the World Fresh Water Resources by Gleick (1993) Fig. “Distribution of Earth’s Water” from Chp. “World fresh water resources” by Shiklomanov. By permission of Oxford University Press, Inc.] (a) (i) Define the term groundwater. [1] (ii) Estimate the percentage of groundwater shown on the diagram. [1] (b) State two major types of natural surface freshwater (other than rivers). [2] (c) Explain three consequences of a reduction in the volume of ice caps. [2+2+2] (d) Discuss the relative importance of the factors affecting the characteristics of hydrographs. [10] (Option A continues on the following page)