Biology · 2014 · May · Paper 3 · SL · TZ2 · Question paper

36 pages M14/4/BIOLO/SP3/ENG/TZ2/XX Monday 12 May 2014 (morning) BIOLOGY STANDARD LEVEL PAPER 3 INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES • Write your session number in the boxes above. • Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so. • Answer all of the questions from two of the Options. • Write your answers in the boxes provided. • A calculator is required for this paper. • The maximum mark for this examination paper is [36 marks]. Option Questions Option A — Human nutrition and health 1 – 3 Option B — Physiology of exercise 4 – 6 Option C — Cells and energy 7 – 9 Option D — Evolution 10 – 12 Option E — Neurobiology and behaviour 13 – 15 Option F — Microbes and biotechnology 16 – 18 Option G — Ecology and conservation 19 – 21 1 hour © International Baccalaureate Organization 2014 Examination code 2 2 1 4 – 6 0 1 8 [Personal identifier removed] [Personal identifier removed] – 2 – M14/4/BIOLO/SP3/ENG/TZ2/XX 36EP02 Option A — Human nutrition and health 1. During an investigation, 773 participants who had lost body mass through a low-energy diet were randomly assigned a diet (with no energy restriction) for the next 26 weeks to maintain their mass. These maintenance diets were one of the four combinations of high or low protein with either high or low glycemic index. A control group followed the recommended daily intake. High glycemic index foods enable a quicker release of glucose into the bloodstream than foods with a low glycemic index. Change in body mass / kg 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 – 0.5 LP–HGI Control HP–HGI LP–LGI HP–LGI 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 Week Key: HP – high protein HGI – high glycemic index LP – low protein LGI – low glycemic index [Source: From The New England Journal of Medicine, Thomas Meinert Larsen, Stine-Mathilde Dalskov, Marleen van Baak et al., Diets with High or Low Protein Content and Glycemic Index for Weight-Loss Maintenance, vol. 363, pages 2102–2113. Copyright © 2010 Massachusetts Medical Society. Reprinted with permission from Massachusetts Medical Society.] (a) State the change in body mass 10 weeks after the start of the maintenance diet for the low protein and high glycemic index group, giving the units. [1]